The rules of chess step by step: the board, setting up the pieces, taking turns, check and checkmate, draws and the most common beginner mistakes.

How the king, queen, rook, bishop, knight and pawn move and capture, their point values and when each piece is at its strongest.

How to castle, the difference between short and long castling, when castling is illegal, when you should castle and common mistakes.

The en passant rule in chess: when it applies, how it is written, why it exists and how it appears in puzzles.

A complete guide to algebraic notation: square names, piece letters, captures, check, mate, castling, promotion, disambiguation and what PGN is.

The key chess tactics with examples: fork, pin, skewer, discovered attack, double check, deflection, decoy, intermezzo and sacrifice. How to train tactics.

Essential checkmate patterns: back-rank, smothered, Anastasia's, Arabian, Boden's and hook mate, plus how to mate with king and queen or two rooks.

How the Elo system works, how to get a FIDE rating, how ratings change after a game, titles (CM, FM, IM, GM) and national ratings.

Classical, rapid, blitz and bullet time controls, increment and delay, clock rules and how to adapt your play to each format.

Preparing for your first chess tournament: choosing an event, registration, the Swiss system, pairings, rules, the clock, game day and what to do afterwards.

The golden rules of the opening: control the centre, develop quickly, castle early, don't move the same piece twice; which openings suit beginners?

Endgame fundamentals: the active king, passed pawns, the square rule, opposition, the Lucena and Philidor positions and rook endgame tips.

A weekly study plan to get better at chess: tactics, endgames, openings, game analysis and tournament experience, with tips for each level.

The most common chess terms explained: pin, fork, gambit, passed pawn, exchange, opposition, stalemate, tempo, zugzwang and more.

Teaching chess to children: what age to start, the benefits, how to teach at home, youth tournaments and tips for parents.

The list of official world chess champions from Steinitz to Carlsen and Gukesh, with each champion's era and contribution to the game.

How the Turkish national rating (UKD) is calculated: the TSF formula, K-factor table, the 350-point cap, unrated opponents, a worked example and an automatic calculator.

How FIDE Elo is calculated step by step: the expected-score table, K-factor (40/20/10), the 400-point rule, unrated opponents, your first rating and a worked example. Automatic calculator from a chess-results link.